Present Perfect Tense of G.S.Spoken English

LESSON - 26

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Before learning about present perfect tense we should know what are past participles.

Some examples are given for past participles:

Some past particples end with 'n' or 'ne',  some past participles  remain as past words and some past particples  remain as infinitives.

Past participles that end with ‘n’ or ‘ne’			Past participles that remain  as  past words			Past participles that remain as infinitives
1.	Give	Given	1.	Brought	Brought	1.	Come	Come
2.	Take	Taken	2.	Called	Called	2.	Cut	Cut
3.	Break	Broken	3.	Told	Told	3.	Put	Put
4.	Write	Written	4.	Asked	Asked	4.	Run	Run
5.	Speak	Spoken	5.	Played	Played	5.	Read	Read
6.	Beat	Beaten	6.	Sold	Sold	6..	Hit	Hit
7.	See	Seen	7.	Waited	Waited	7.	Become	Become
8.	Do	Done	8.	Walked	Walked	8.	Bet	Bet
9.	Go	Gone	9.	Talked	Talked	9.	Hid	Hid
10.	Eat	Eaten	10.	Taught	Taught	10.	Let	Let

PRESENT PERFECT: The present perfect sentence is formed by using 'has' or 'have' and past participle. It is a tense of a word that indicates that an action has ended but not at a definite time. So the time is not mentioned in a present perfect tense. 

Examples: 
She has gone.
He has come.
They have seen.
I have done it.
We have taken.

PRESENT  PERFECT  TENSE The baby has forgotten her mother. The President has visited the city. They have waited for a long time.    You have missed many occasions this year. I have missed the train, so I came back. We have helped one another.

Some more examples with  Hindi and Telugu:

  1.  I have decided to start a business.

      मैंने एक व्यवसाय शुरू करने का फैसला किया है।
   నేను వ్యాపారం ప్రారంభించాలని నిర్ణయించుకున్నాను.

2. They have gone to Delhi to meet a minister.

     वे एक मंत्री से मिलने दिल्ली गए हैं।
  వారు ఒక మంత్రిని కలవడానికి Delhi ి వెళ్ళారు.

3.  We have come here to spend some time with you

      हम यहां आपके साथ कुछ समय बिताने आए हैं।
మీతో కొంత సమయం గడపడానికి మేము ఇక్కడకు వచ్చాము.

4. I have read many detective stories.

     मैंने कई जासूसी कहानियाँ पढ़ी हैं।
   నేను చాలా డిటెక్టివ్ కథలు చదివాను.

5. She has written different national songs.

    उसने अलग-अलग राष्ट्रीय गीत लिखे हैं।
  ఆమె విభిన్న జాతీయ పాటలు రాసింది.

6. They have purchased many modern and expensive dresses. 

     उन्होंने कई आधुनिक और महंगी पोशाकें खरीदी हैं।
   వాళ్ళు చాలా ఆధునిక మరియు ఖరీదైన దుస్తులను కొన్నారు.

7. We have played chess for four hours.

     हमने चार घंटे शतरंज खेला है।
   మేము నాలుగు గంటలు చెస్ ఆడాము.

8. I have not tell any secret to her.

     मैंने उसे कोई रहस्य नहीं बताया है।
  నేను ఆమెకు ఏ రహస్యం చెప్పలేదు.

9. James has taught me to drive a car. 

    जेम्स ने मुझे कार चलाना सिखाया है।
  కారు నడపడం జేమ్స్ నాకు నేర్పించాడు.

10. We have waited for you till evening. 

       हमने शाम तक तुम्हारा इंतजार किया है।

     మేము మీ కోసం సాయంత్రం వరకు వేచి ఉన్నాము.

'Been to' is also used when you go to a place and return. For example:

•  I have been to London.
• They have been to Australia.
• We have been to Delhi for three times.

Some more example with Hindi and Telugu translation:

1. They have been to different countries for treatment.
    वे उपचार के लिए विभिन्न देशों में जाके आए थे।   
    వారు చికిత్స కోసం వివిధ దేశాలకు వెళ్లి వచ్చారు.
  
2. Today I have been to his office for two times.
     आज मैं दो बार उनके कार्यालय जाके आया हूं।      
     ఈ రోజు నేను రెండుసార్లు అతని ఆఫీస్ కి  వెళ్ళా వచ్చాను।
 
3. The prime minister of India has been to America.
    भारत के प्रधान मंत्री अमेरिका जाके आए थे।     
    భారత ప్రధాని అమెరికా వెళ్లి వచ్చారు.

4. The film actors and directors have been to Singapore for shooting.
     फिल्म अभिनेता और निर्देशक शूटिंग के लिए सिंगापुर जाके आए थे।   
     సినీ నటులు, దర్శకులు షూటింగ్ కోసం సింగపూర్ వెళ్లి వచ్చారు

5. He has been to Delhi to meet the minister.
    वह मंत्री से मिलने के लिए दिल्ली जाके आया है।    
     మంత్రిని కలవడానికి అతడు ఢిల్లీ వెళ్లి వచ్చాడు

                                                                               CONVERSATION

      

Gracy:     Have you seen this e-mail?

Joel:       Who sent?

Gracy:    I think your friend David has sent. Some important accounts are in this.

Joel:       Morning I spoke to him. He didn't tell anything about this mail.

Gracy:   This is another David. He  wrote that he has gone to Los Angeles. 

              and will be coming back  next week.

Joel:      He has not tell me before going.

Gracy:   Oh! sorry, I forgot to tell you that his wife has told me.

Joel:      It's alright, let it be, I will give reply for this in the evening after I come from office.

             Now I don't have time.

Gracy:  O.K. carry on. I have kept your lunch box on the table. Please take it.

Joel:     O.k. Thank you.

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